Prefixes are added at the beginning of words, while suffixes come at the end. For nouns ending in 'Y' preceded by a vowel, simply add an 'S.'Įxample: "toys" (from "toy"), "boys" (from "boy").For nouns ending in 'Y' preceded by a consonant, change the 'Y' to 'IES.'Įxample: "cities" (from "city"), "ladies" (from "lady").For nouns ending with 'S,' 'X,' 'Z,' 'SH,' or 'CH,' add 'ES.'Įxample: "buses," "foxes," "quizzes," "dishes," "churches".When forming plurals in English, there are some standard rules to follow: However, there are exceptions to this rule, such as "weird," "seize," and "neither." V. "believe" (IE because it doesn't follow C).In general, the rule states that when the letters 'I' and 'E' are combined to make a single sound, they should appear as 'IE' unless they follow the letter 'C,' in which case they become 'EI.' When adding a suffix to a word that ends with a single vowel followed by a single consonant, you typically double the consonant if the suffix begins with a vowel and the stress falls on the last syllable of the base word. "note": The 'E' is silent but makes the 'O' sound like /ō/.
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